type Option<T> = { tag: "some"; value: T } | { tag: "none" };
const map = <A, B>(opt: Option<A>, fn: (a: A) => B): Option<B> =>
opt.tag === "some"
? { tag: "some", value: fn(opt.value) }
: { tag: "none" };
const result = map({ tag: "some", value: 5 }, x => x * 2);